Papers for Volume 17, No.1 June, 2025
PREFACE TO THIS EDITION
INNOVATING CHORAL MUSIC COMPETITIONS IN NIGERIA THROUGH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Abstract
Choral music competitions in the Nigerian church play a crucial role in preserving sacred music traditions, fostering artistic excellence, and promoting cultural heritage. The Asiwaju of Remo Choir Festival, held annually in Ogun State, highlights the significance of these events in sustaining liturgical music practices. In Nigeria, given its structured archival systems, subjective adjudication, and limited access to digital learning, AI resources on Choral music competitions are yet to be fully explored. This study explores innovative choral music competitions in Nigeria through artificial intelligence. Using a qualitative research approach, data were gathered through interviews with choir directors, competition organizers, and AI specialists. The Music Information Retrieval (MIR) framework was employed to assess AI's capabilities in enhancing choral music competitions in Nigerian churches. Results indicate that AI-powered tools such as machine learning-based adjudication systems, virtual choir training platforms, and automated music notation software significantly enhances objectivity, efficiency, and accessibility in choral music competitions. This study concludes that a strategic collaboration among religious institutions, AI developers, and music educators is essential to integrating AI innovations while safeguarding the spiritual and artistic essence of Nigerian church choral competitions.
Keywords: Church, Choral, Competition, AI, Music, Innovation, Documentation
OPEYEMI ADEYINKA ASAOLU Ph.D.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND FOLK MUSIC: A TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY APPROACH IN MUSIC COMPOSITION AND DOCUMENTATION
Abstract
Folk music has always been an integral part of cultural heritage, passed down through generations and reflecting the stories and traditions of different communities. This paper delves into the impact of AI on folk music composition in Nigeria, and specifically focuses on the process of documenting and disseminating it for public consumption. The paper explores how a digital approach can enhance folk music composition, documentation, and its dissemination through AI intervention. This study adopts a practice-based approach whereby creative works (compositions or arrangements) are used as primary data for descriptive analysis. It evaluates the digital process of composing or creating Igbo folksy tunes using three (3) methods of interfacing with selected digital or AI tools. These digital compositional methods include, i) the imputation method for Sibelius software, ii) the voice recording method for the Klangio tool, and iii) the prompting method for ChatGPT. This study draws on Social Change Theory to highlight the compositional process that foreshadows the interventional role of AI tools in the creation of folk music, particularly in Nigeria using Igbo thematic materials- Egbe belu, Ugo belu and Ihunanya Di Nma for the compositional process. The imputation of musical data into the selected digital / AI platforms or tools highlighted the following outcomes: i) The Sibelius software presented a more structured sheet music and audio output, ii) The Klangio AI tool, though it presented a music sheet, the final document was a bit distorted in terms of rhythmic representation. However, the audio element did come out intact. iii) The ChatGPT with more specific prompts on preferences such as title, texts/ lyrics, tonal centre, tempo, rhythm, melody and harmony, had serious inconsistencies in the representation of the aforementioned musical elements. In the final analysis, integrating AI in folk music composition and documentation meets the utmost challenge of misrepresenting cultural nuances and linguistic parameters. Despite this key challenge, the use of AI in composing folk music offers a transformative approach in enhancing creativity, preserving cultural heritage, and streamlining distribution. CHINEDU N. OSINIGWE, Ph.D: Artificial Intelligence and Folk Music… www.jonmed.com.ng|18
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Folk Music, Sibelius software, ChatGPT, Klangio tool, Documenting
CHINEDU N. OSINIGWE Ph.D.
CULTURAL IMPACTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ON INDIGENOUS IGBO MUSIC IN NIGERIA
Abstract
This study investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) technologies affect the preservation and transformation of Indigenous Igbo music in southeastern Nigeria. Using a desk-based qualitative case study approach that includes virtual ethnography and critical discourse analysis, the research examines publicly available materials such as streaming platform metadata, policy documents, and digital archives. Analysis shows that while machine learning provides technical tools for documenting endangered genres like Egwu Ekpe drumming, these technologies also pose threats to Indigenous epistemologies through data colonialism and algorithmic categorisation. Significant tensions emerge between AI-driven individual authorship models and Igbo communal ownership principles, as well as between global platform categorisation systems and localised musical ontologies. The study finds that current Nigerian copyright laws and international AI ethics guidelines lack mechanisms to recognise collective stewardship of traditional cultural expressions. Drawing on decolonial theory and Indigenous data sovereignty models, the research advocates for participatory governance structures that prioritise Igbo values such as consensus-building and communal stewardship in AI development. Findings contribute to global discussions on Indigenous data rights by illustrating how algorithmic systems embed colonial power relations when handling non-Western cultural heritage. Policy recommendations include adopting the WIPO Treaty provisions for traditional knowledge protection and establishing community-led innovation hubs in Igbo regions.
KEKE, MARIA TRINITAS OLUCHI
MUSIC IN THE KITCHEN: AN ANALYSIS OF AI-ASSISTED MUSICAL ADVERTISING WITH REFERENCE TO TERRA SEASONING CUBES AND SONIA TOMATOES
Abstract
This study examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in musical advertising for two Nigerian food products: Terra Seasoning Cubes and Sonia Tomatoes. Despite growing adoption of AI-assisted content generation in marketing, limited research exists on its effects in socio-economically constrained environments where media access is uneven. This study employs ex post facto and survey methods to assess advertisement efficacy, product acceptability, and consumer feedback in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria. Data were collected through distributor sales reports (n=2 major distributors), structured questionnaires with 100 consumers in Lagos and Enugu States, and content analysis of advertisements. Findings indicate that 86% of respondents recalled the Terra Cubes jingle, 79% reported emotional connection to the Sonia Tomatoes advertisement, and 68% attributed the production quality to celebrity involvement. Sales data from distributors showed increased distribution volumes following campaign launches, though price sensitivity remained a significant consumer concern. AI-assisted musical advertising enhances brand recall and emotional engagement, but equitable reach requires attention to regional media access disparities. Limitations include inability to verify specific AI tools used in production and sampling concentrated in urban centers.
NNANYELOGO, EMELDA CHINASA Ph.D.
PAUL OBAYOMI, ADEBANJO, STEPHEN OLU-IBUKUN OLUSOJI Ph.D., OLUWASEYI EZEKIEL KEHINDE Ph.D., IBITAYO POPOOLA
Abstract
The effect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on music documentation and reportage in Nigeria's online media reflects a significant transformation in how music content is created, distributed, and consumed. This study investigates both the positive and negative implications of AI integration in music journalism within the Nigerian context. It explores the evolving landscape of online music reportage, focusing on AI's role in automating content production, enhancing audience engagement, and streamlining documentation processes. The research adopts a quantitative approach, using an online survey distributed via Google Forms to sixty randomly selected participants, including musicologists, media practitioners, and online journalists. Participants were selected based on their direct involvement in music-related content creation and analysis. Findings reveal that while some respondents acknowledged AI's contribution to increased efficiency, accuracy, and personalized reporting, others expressed concern over the erosion of human-centered storytelling, emotional depth, and potential cultural misrepresentation. Respondents also noted risks such as algorithmic bias, ethical concerns, and the potential displacement of creative professionals. Despite these challenges, the study highlights AI's potential to support innovation and expand the timely reach of music reportage when applied responsibly. It concludes that a balanced integration of AI and human creativity is necessary to preserve the cultural and artistic value of music documentation in Nigeria. This research provides a foundational understanding for scholars, journalists, and policymakers seeking to navigate the intersection of technology and music media in the digital age.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Music Documentation, Online Media, Journalism, Nigeria.
EXPLORING THE EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ON NIGERIAN MUSIC
DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTAGE IN ONLINE MEDIA
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN THE DOCUMENTATION
OF ABANG DANCE MUSIC
Abstract
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into cultural heritage preservation has become an important area of scholarly inquiry, particularly for indigenous traditions such as the abang dance music of the Efik people of Nigeria. This study examines the application of AI in the documentation and preservation of abang dance music in response to the increasing decline of traditional practices caused by modernization and the erosion of intergenerational knowledge transmission. It also investigates how AI technologies supports the preservation, analysis, and creative continuity of abang dance music while maintaining cultural authenticity. The study is anchored on two theoretical frameworks: Cultural Identity and Postcolonial theories, which provide premise for understanding indigenous musical practices within their socio-cultural and historical contexts. Using ethnographic interviews, archival materials, and existing literature, the study documents the musical structures, performance contexts, and cultural meanings of abang dance music. In addition, AI-based quantitative methods are employed to transcribe and analyze rhythmic and melodic patterns of abang music. Findings indicate that AI technologies are effective in digitizing, analyzing, and reproducing the musical components of abang dance music; however, limitations in capturing its spiritual significance, performative dynamics, and communal meanings exists. While AI serves as an important tool for safeguarding and revitalizing threatened musical traditions, it cannot substitute the lived cultural knowledge of the Efik people. Therefore, the application of AI in cultural preservation must be culturally sensitive and collaborative. Thus, sustained partnerships between AI practitioners and Efik cultural custodians to ensure ethical preservation, cultural continuity, and long-term sustainability of abang dance music is imperative.
Keywords: Abang dance music, Artificial intelligence, Efik traditions, Cultural impact, Digital preservation.
ANTHONY, ELIZABETH BEBUO, Ph.D
FOLK MUSIC IMPACT ON CULTURAL PRACTICES IN
IDEMILI NORTH, ANAMBRA STATE
Abstract
This paper focuses on the impact of folk music on the cultural practices of the Idemili North people of Igboland in Anambra state. Folk music as a carrier, educator, and disseminator of the people's customs and traditions is passed down from one generation to another through songs and other practical performance communications with overt significant effects on people's daily lives and activities. Overtime, folk music's recognition and performance practice within the wider society has dwindled. Moreover, in Idemili North folk music has not been digitally documented. The study's methodology is descriptive, based on data from the library, related literature, participant observation, interviews, and the internet. Observation and findings from the study reveal that folk music and cultural practices are interdependent and mutually reinforcing better relationship among individuals and groups in the community. It requires proper application of digitalization, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The study recommends that folk music and cultural practices be well appropriated and acknowledged because of its impact on people's lives. Sponsorship from individuals, groups, agencies and government should be solicited. Digitalized applications can be used in the documentation, presentation and transmission of folk music to the entire globe and future generations.
Key Words: Folk Music, Impact, Cultural practices, Idemili North.
OKECHUKWU, IFEOMA P. (Ph.D), OKECHUKWU, CHIDIMMA PRECIOUS, OKECHUKWU, IFEANYI EMMANUEL
PERCEPTION OF TEACHERS ON THE APPLICATION OF
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN MUSIC EDUCATION
Abstract
Artificial intelligence in music education is a trending topic among teachers and learners, particularly with regard to its integration in the classroom. It is therefore imperative to investigate the extent to which this integration is or will be (un)successful in educational settings. Using a survey method with a purposive sample of 81 music educators from Abuja, Port Harcourt, and Abeokuta, the research explored four key areas: current awareness and experience, perceived benefits, concerns and challenges, and prospects. Findings indicate a strong awareness of AI's growing influence (M=3.79) and its potential benefits for personalization (M=4.06) and accessibility (M=4.12). However, a significant gap was identified between awareness and formal training, with only 8.6% of respondents having received some form of training on how to use AI. Respondents raised major concerns regarding the impact of AI on musical creativity and originality (M=4.03), replacement of human teachers, and cost implications (M=3.64). The study shows a strong consensus (M=4.52) on the need for formal AI training in teacher education and recommends a structured framework for integrating AI as a supportive tool that augments, rather than replaces, human music pedagogy.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Music Education, Teacher, Creativity, Pedagogy
ESUOLA OLAYINKA ADESOLA, Ph.D., LAWAL DEBORAH TEMISAN, Ph.D., OLADIPO ADENIYI DARE
EVERYONE CAN LEARN MUSIC: INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
AI-POWERED MUSIC LEARNING APPS ON 'NON-MUSICAL' VOICE STUDENTS
AT THE MOUNTAIN TOP UNIVERSITY
Abstract
This article examines the efficacy of AI-powered music learning tools on the non-musical students of Mountain Top University. Every student of the school has been saddled with the responsibility of learning to sing or play a musical instrument as a compulsory general course titled “Every Student a Musician (ESM)”. This study explores how mobile-based learning, supported by artificial intelligence, can assist in overcoming cognitive and pedagogical barriers among “non-musical” students. Existing studies on artificial intelligence in music education have largely examined patterns of technology use, attitudes, and general pedagogical possibilities with the use of AI rather than its direct impact on foundational musicianship skills among musical novices. (Waddell and Williamon, 2019; Luo, 2024; Abdullahi and Ibidun, 2025; Mwita and Owino, 2025). Consequently, there remains a significant gap in longitudinal, classroom-based research that investigates the effectiveness of AI-powered music learning apps on amateur voice students within a formal university music instruction. This study seeks to address this gap. Using a longitudinal study, participant observation, and interviews with students, a series of data was collated from the voice class of ESM to track and analyze the progress of students with little or no musical abilities who have had consistent access to musical apps for one academic year. The study draws upon Vygotsky‟s Sociocultural Theory to explain how digital tools, supported by human scaffolding, enable students to move from musical inexperience to basic competence. Findings reveal that most of the students are able to improve their musicianship through consistent use of AI-powered apps. It concludes that AI-powered tools, while not replacements for human teachers, present a viable supplement for inclusive and scalable music education. The paper recommends research into other AI-powered apps available for different groups of learners and in various aspects of music.
Keywords: ESM, Non-musical, AI-powered Music Learning Apps.
TEMITOPE GIFT OBALADE
DR. BLESSING U. YOUNG, SEGUN EMMANUEL USMAN
Abstract
The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed various creative industries, but its impact on music composition is yet to be fully explored by most composers. Despite the creative abilities of composers, they find it difficult to bring their ideas and works to limlight due to lack of exposure on the use of AI. This study investigates the transformative role of machine learning in music generation, aiming to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding AI's application in the compositional process. Qualitative content analysis method was employed in this study. Findings revealed that hybrid AI Systems can be trained to understand and process the unique rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic nuances of African music. However, the Machine Learning Algorithm (MLA) falls short in capturing the musical nuances of African indigenous music, as it is limited by the training data set derived from the works of Western composers. Based on these findings, this study recommends the development of hybrid AI music generation systems that can be trained to understand the musical nuances of African music. Also, infusion of human creativity and emotional intelligence should be pivotal in future research on AI music generation systems.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Intersection, Music Composition, Symphony
SYMPHONY OF CODE: THE INTERSECTION OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND MUSIC COMPOSITION
THE PLACE OF ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN THE INSTRUMETATION
OF UKELE MUSIC, NDOKWA WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, DELTA STATE.
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a digital technology that interacts with humans and performs tasks based on provided data, including musical compositions. Ukele music, a traditional art form of the Ogume community, celebrates and honors community heroes who have contributed significantly to its cultural heritage. This study explores AI's role in the performance and dissemination of Ukele music, focusing on challenges to creativity and originality in traditional music. Primary data collected through oral interviews shed light on Ukele's cultural significance, while secondary sources, including books, journals, and conference papers, provide insights into AI's integration into traditional music. Findings indicate that AI has increased Ukele music's visibility both within and beyond Delta State, promoting its cultural relevance. This study recommends further AI development to foster creativity while preserving the originality of Ukele music.
EDOJAH, AARON OGHENEOCHUKOME Ph.D., EZEBUBE, AUGUSTINA CHIZOBA, Ph.D.
UTILISATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) TOOLS IN THE TEACHING
AND LEARNING OF MUSIC IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIAN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS:
AN OPINION SURVEY
Abstract
Music education, like any other field of study, has experienced a lot of transformations through Artificial Intelligence brought about by technological advancement. This has greatly influenced traditional music education and paved way for provision of digital materials for learning, technological enhanced music teaching and interaction with prompt feedback. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a system which is available in academic settings to improve students' academic performance for integration of information and successful learning experiences. The study investigated opinion of teachers and learners on how artificial intelligence tools are being utilised in the teaching and learning of music in selected higher institutions in Southwestern part of Nigeria. Research design for this study is quantitative method, which the use of questionnaire is tailored in line with three research questions, provided in the structured questionnaire. The instrument was validated by three experts in music field while copies were also administered to ten participants that were not part of the sample used. In other to determine its reliability, Cronbach Alpha statistical tool was used. A reliability coefficient of 0.70 of the instruments was established. Results revealed that music educators and students have been using artificial intelligence tools available to them in teaching as well as in carrying out students' class activities, take-home exercises and also to enhance their learning. Based on the findings, artificial intelligence tools in music education should be used with caution because of its drawbacks.
Key Word: Academic settings, Academic performance, Artificial intelligence, Artificial
Intelligence tools, Music Education.
ALADE, BUKOLA OLAJUMOKE
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN THE PROMOTION OF NIGERIAN ART
MUSIC COMPOSERS ON RADIO.
Abstract
This study explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in promoting Nigerian art music composers through radio broadcasting, focusing on the indigenous classics featured on Leadcity 89.1 FM in Ibadan. As Nigeria's artistic landscape continues to evolve, the fusion of technology and art music broadcasting presents opportunities and challenges for composers seeking exposure and recognition. By employing qualitative methodology, this research investigates AI-driven strategies in content curation processes and listener engagement. Findings reveal that AI enhances the visibility and accessibility of indigenous art music composers and their works, by enabling the broadcaster to gain easy access to composers' profile and analyze their music, thereby reaching wider audiences and fostering cultural appreciation. Additionally, the study discusses the implications of AI in shaping programming content, the potential risks of algorithmic bias, and the need for a balance in its usage. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on the intersection of technology and cultural heritage, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices in music promotion within the Nigerian context and beyond.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Nigerian Art Music, Music Promotion, Composer Profiles, Cultural Heritage
OLAOLUWA MARVELOUS AYOKUNMI
IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MUSIC MAKING AMONG MUSIC PERFORMERS
IN ABEOKUTA, OGUN STATE
Abstract
This study investigated the awareness, adoption and perceived impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in music production among 100 musicians in Abeokuta, Nigeria. The respondents were predominantly young (71% aged 18–24), female (64%), and relatively new to the industry, with 70% having 1–2 years of experience. Findings revealed high awareness of AI ( ̅ x= 3.52) and a fair understanding of its application in music production ( ̅ = 3.33), though actual usage was moderate ( ̅ x= 2.96). Participants widely agreed that AI supports creativity, enhances efficiency, improves mixing quality, and expands audience reach. However, challenges such as lack of technical knowledge ( ̅ = 3.72), high cost of AI tools ( ̅ = 3.24), poor digital infrastructure ( ̅ = 1.96), and limited training opportunities ( ̅ = 3.55) hindered broader adoption. While support for interventions like training workshops and infrastructure upgrades was moderate, there was strong consensus on the need for legal protections for musicians' rights in AI-generated works ( ̅ = 3.51). AI awareness is high, practical adoption is constrained by structural barriers, underscoring the need for targeted policy and educational interventions to foster AI integration in Nigeria's music industry.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Music Production, Creative Industry, Technology Adoption
SORETIRE, EYITAYO A., FALOHUN, BEJAMIN O., UGEN, BLESSING O.
NEGOTIATING TRADITION AND TECHNOLOGY: WORSHIP, AI AND DIGITAL MUSIC AMONG
SELECTED PENTECOSTAL CHURCHES IN IBADAN
Abstract
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital music technology in the worship practices of the church in Ibadan, Nigeria, poses a complex dilemma for the church. This study, therefore, focuses on an in-depth examination of the experiences of three selected Pentecostal churches in the incorporation of samplers, loops, tracks, DAWs, and contemporary suno AI in their worship and liturgical practices. While the incorporation of AI technology in the church has revolutionised the production of church music, enabling the church to produce dynamic and high-quality sounds that resonate with the contemporary audience, it has also elicited a sense of ambivalence from church leaders and congregations. On one side, the incorporation of AI technology in church worship has provided an impetus for creativity in church music, enabling the church to incorporate traditional African sounds with contemporary global sounds, thereby enriching the worship experience. On the other side, the incorporation of AI technology in church worship has elicited a sense of concern from church leaders and congregations, who fear that the use of technology in church worship may undermine the liturgical authenticity of the church. Moreover, the incorporation of technology in church worship may undermine the sacred traditions that characterise the worship practices of the church. This study, therefore, highlights the dichotomy that exists in the incorporation of technology in church worship, delineating the challenges and opportunities that the digital age poses for the church.
Keywords: AI, Digital music, Pentecostal Worships, Gospel Music, Ambivalence